Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)

TSS is a rare condition caused by a toxin produced by bacteria. Its symptoms appear quickly and are often severe. These symptoms include high fever (38.9°C), vomiting or diarrhoea; dizziness or fainting when standing up and a rash that looks like sunburn on the hands and feet.

The toxins produced by the bacteria ‘staphylococcus aureas’ (better known as golden staph) are found naturally on the skin, in the nose and occasionally in the vagina. Anyone can contract this disease but it is usually associated with young, menstruating women using tampons. Although tampons do not cause TSS, they may provide an environment for the bacteria to multiply and produce toxins. It has been suggested that tampons and particularly high absorbency tampons enable the bacteria to produce more toxins than normal and therefore increase the risk of TSS. The chances of contracting TSS are extremely remote, however you should be aware of the simple steps that can be taken to minimize the risk.

Studies have shown that tampons are safe and that no traces of the bacteria can be found in the tampon, therefore it’s the way in which tampons are used that can put women at risk of TSS.

Some Tips:

• Use the lowest absorbency tampon for your level of blood flow and comfort. If removing it causes you discomfort it could be a sign that you need a lower absorbency tampon. Don't be tempted to use a higher absorbency one for a longer length of time. In fact, grade down on absorbency; try to lower the absorbency of the tampon you are currently using. For example if you are using super, try regular and only use super on your really heavy days. On light days use light tampons or a pad.
• Use tampons during the day and pads at night
• Wash hands before and after inserting a tampon.
• Change tampons regularly (3-6 times a day) Never leave a tampon in for more than 8 hours. Insert tampon gently
• A daily shower or bath is recommended. Don't use tampons for spotting or between periods. Try panty liners instead.
• If you believe you have TSS symptoms, remove the tampon, replace it with a pad and contact your doctor immediately.
• Contact the Toxic Shock Information Service for further information at:

  Australia phone 1800 634 250
  New Zealand phone 0800 788 000
  or visit www.toxicshock.org.au